2020. 3. 18. 22:56γμμ΄ π§‘ English/λ¬Έλ² Grammar
Phrasal Verbs (ꡬλμ¬/λμ¬κ΅¬)
What are Phrasal Verbs?
ꡬλμ¬ (Phrasal verbs)λ,
μΌλ°λμ¬λ€μκ² λΆμ¬, μ μΉμ¬λΌλ μ§κΆμ΄ μ겨 λ³μ ! νλ κ²μ λλ€. λ»μ΄ λ¬λΌμ§κ±°λ λ»μ΄ λ°λλλ€.
μ΄λ€μ μΌλ°λμ¬μ ꡬλ³λμ΄ λ¬Έλ²μ μΌλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μ’ λ₯μ λμ¬λ‘ μ·¨κΈν©λλ€.
call λΆλ₯΄λ€, μ ννλ€
call off μ·¨μνλ€
μ°μ μ,νλμ¬λ₯Ό μμ μΌ ν©λλ€.
- transitive νλμ¬ (direct object): λμ¬λ‘μ μν μ νκΈ° μν΄ νμΈ(λͺ©μ μ΄)μ΄ νμν¨.
Put off = postpone : μ°κΈ°νλ€, μ§μ°νλ€.
We will have to put off the meeting. (λͺ©μ μ΄)
무μμ μ§μ°μν€λμ§ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° νμν λμ¬μ λλ€.
Turn down = refuse : κ±°μ νλ€
The company turned down our offer. (λͺ©μ μ΄)
무μμ κ±°μ νλμ§ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° νμν λμ¬μ λλ€.
- intransitive μλμ¬ (no direct object): μ립ν μ μλ λμ¬λ λͺ©μ μ΄ νμ μμ.
get up = rise from bed : λͺΈμ μΌμΌμΌ μΌμ΄λλ€.
I don't have to get up early today.
break down = stop working : κ³ μ₯ λλ€.
He was late for work because his car broke down.
μ, μ΄μ ꡬλμ¬μ νΉμ§μ μ΄ν΄λ³Όκ²μ.
β separable / inseparable λλμ΄μ§ μ μλ€, μλ€
λμ¬μ μ μΉμ¬/λΆμ¬ μ¬μ΄μ λͺ©μ μ΄λ₯Ό λ£μ΄μ μμλ₯Ό λ°κΏ μ μλ λμ¬κ° λ°λ‘ μμ΄μ.
β They turned down my offer.
β They turned my offer down.
κ·Έλ¬λ, take offλ μλ―Έμ λ°λΌ λλμ΄μ§ μ μκΈ°λ νκ³ , μκΈ°λ ν΄μ.
μ΄ λΆλΆμ λ€μμ λ μ€λͺ ν κ²μ~!
take off μ΄λ₯νλ€ : inseparable
The plane take off at 11:00 p.m.
take off λ²λ€, μ¬λ€, μλ₯΄λ€ : separable
You should take your shoes off in the house.
You shoud take off your shoes in the house.
μ¬κΈ°κΉμ§ μ½μ£ ?
β κ·Έλ¬λ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° λλͺ μ¬μΌ κ²½μ° νμ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° λμ¬μ μ μΉμ¬/λΆμ¬ μ¬μ΄μ λ€μ΄κ°μΌ ν©λλ€.
β Jane swithced on the radio.
β Jane switched the raido on.
β Jane switched it on.
β Jane switched on it.
β Separable or inseparable?
μ¬μ μ κ²μμ νμ λ, something / somebody κ° κ°μ΄λ°μ μλλ‘ νμκ° λμ΄ μλ€λ©΄, κ·Έ ꡬλμ¬λ λΆλ¦¬λ μ μμ΅λλ€.
take off
take something off
μ΄λ°μμΌλ‘ λ°λ‘ νμκ° λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€.
λ§μ μμ΄λ€μ΄ μ°Έκ³ νλ λ€μ΄λ² μ¬μ μ λ³΄κ² μ΅λλ€.
μ΄λ°μμΌλ‘ λλμ΄μ§ μ μμΌλ©΄ ꡬλμ¬ μ¬μ΄μ something νΉμ somebodyλΌλ λ¨μ΄κ° λΌμ΄λ€μ΄κ° μμ΅λλ€.
λν μ΄λ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° 무쑰건 νμνλ€λ λ§μ΄κ² μ£ ?
β λν, verb+preposition μ μΉμ¬μ λμ¬λ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ ꡬλμ¬λ 무쑰건 λͺ©μ μ΄λ₯Ό νμλ‘ νλ€.
μλνλ©΄, μ μΉμ¬λ 무쑰건 λͺ©μ μ΄κ° νμνκΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
μ μΉμ¬λ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ ꡬλμ¬λ inseparableμ λλ€. μ¦, μ μΉμ¬λ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ ꡬλμ¬λ λΆλ¦¬ λΆκ°λ₯!!!
[λνμ μΈ μ μΉμ¬ λͺ¨μ]
in, at, on, by, for, from, up, of, off, after, alone, against, above, like, into, to, until, with, within, without, during, down, except, following, between, before, around, beyond, out, over λ±λ± ...
μλ μμλ‘ μ΄ν΄λ³Όκ²μ.
believe in = to have faith in the existence of ~μ λ―Ώλ€
I believe in alien. λλ μΈκ³μΈμ λ―Ώμ΄. / μΈκ³μΈμ μ‘΄μ¬λ₯Ό λ―Ώμ΄.
look after = to take care of ~μ λ보λ€
My sister is looking after her cat. κ·Έλ λ κ·Έλ μ κ³ μμ΄λ₯Ό λλ³΄κ³ μμ΄.
talk about = discuss ~μ λν΄ μ΄μΌκΈ° νλ€
Did you talk about me? λ λμ λν΄ μ΄μΌκΈ°νμ΄?
wait for = await ~μ κΈ°λ€λ¦¬λ€
My boyfriend is waiting for me now. I have to go. λ΄ λ¨μΉμ΄ μ§κΈ λ κΈ°λ€λ¦¬κ³ μμ΄. λ κ°μΌλΌ.
Prepositional verbs cannot be separated.
That means that we cannot put the direct object between the two parts.
β "look after the baby".
β"look the baby after"
β verb + phrasal-prepositional verbs λμ¬+ λΆμ¬ + μ μΉμ¬μ ꡬ쑰λ λΆλ¦¬λ μ μλ€.
phrasal-prepositional verb |
meaning |
example sentence |
|
direct object |
|||
get on with |
have a friendly relationship with |
He doesn't get on with |
his wife. |
put up with |
tolerate |
I won't put up with |
your attitude. |
look forward to |
anticipate with pleasure |
I look forward to |
seeing you. |
run out of |
use up, exhaust |
We have run out of |
eggs. |
μ΄ κ²λ€λ μμ μ΄μ¨λ μ μΉμ¬λ‘ λλκΈ° λλ¬Έμ λΆλ¦¬λ μ μμ΅λλ€. κ·Έλμ νμ λͺ©μ μ΄κ° 맨 λ§μ§λ§ μ μΉμ¬ λ€μ μμΌ ν©λλ€~!
β We ran out of gas.
β We ran out of it.
β We ran gas out of.
β We ran out gas of.
λ€μ νΈμμλ ꡬλμ¬μ 리μ€νΈλ₯Ό 곡μ νκ² μ΅λλ€~!
κ·ΈλΌ μ΄λ¨, λΏ !