โœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ 2ํƒ„ Relative pronouns [๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ƒ์ƒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ]

2020. 4. 4. 16:35ใ†์˜์–ด ๐Ÿงก English/๋ฌธ๋ฒ• Grammar

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

์ง€๋‚œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ 

https://maryable9.tistory.com/79

 

[๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ƒ์ƒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ] โœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ 1ํƒ„ Relative pronouns

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ '๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ' ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” 'relative pronouns'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. '์ด๊ฑด ์˜์ž์•ผ' '์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ œ..

maryable9.tistory.com

 

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ‘œ (relative pronoun) 

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ (antecedent) ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ (subject) ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ (object) ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ  (possessive)
์‚ฌ๋žŒ who who / whom whose
์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๋™๋ฌผ which which
์‚ฌ๋žŒ+์‚ฌ๋ฌผ/๋™๋ฌผ ๊ฐ™์ด that that
-thing, the ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰, the only that that
์ƒ๋žต ์—ฌ๋ถ€ โœ– โœ” โœ–

 

 

โญ•๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ!!

โœ…์ฃผ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๋™์‚ฌ + ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด + ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€

(์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ - ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•จ.)

 

โœ…๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ + ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ + ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€

(๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ - ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•จ.)

 

 

 

 

๐Ÿ‘‰ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ / who, which, that (์ƒ๋žต๋ถˆ๊ฐ€)

 

 

I have a dog.

The dog has beautiful fur. 

 

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋”์šฑ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?

 

 

The dog has beautiful fur. 

๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ๋Š” 

๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

 

๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ๋งํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ The dog๋ฅผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ 

๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ์—์š”, 

 

1. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ. 

์ด ๋•Œ a dog๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

The dog โžก ๋ฉ๋ฉ์ด โžก ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ/๋™๋ฌผ โžก which 

The dog has beautiful fur. 

Which has beautiful fur.

 

์ด์ œ ์ด์–ด์ค„๊ฑฐ์—์š” .

 

 

I have a dog which has beautiful fur.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํ„ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด. 

 

์ฃผ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which ๋Š” that๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”/ 

I have a dog that has beautiful fur.

 

 

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ which ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” a dog๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๋Š”

ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์ด ๋œ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.

์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”!

 

 

2. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ๋’ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ

๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

 

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์ด๋ฉด

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— -s, es ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ! 

 

 

 

๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฑฐ = ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ

 

๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ = ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ 

 

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ(๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง) 

์‚ฌ๋žŒ= who/ that

์‚ฌ๋ฌผ/ ๋™๋ฌผ = which / that

์„ž์—ฌ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด that

 

 

์ฐธ ์‰ฝ์ฃ ?

์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋. 

 

I have a pen.

The pen is longer than any other pens. 

= I have a pen which is longer than any other pens. 

 

 

 

๐Ÿ‘‰๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ  whom, which, that  (์ƒ๋žต๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)

 

I have a friend.

I invited him today's party. 

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ธ์นญ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

์ธ์นญ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด๋ฏธ ์•ž์— ์–ธ๊ธ‰์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ . 

๋ˆ„๊ตฐ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ ์ธ์นญ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ธ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”. 

 

์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ a friend๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ค„๊ฒŒ์š”. 

 

์นœ๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ฃ . 

who๋ฅผ ์จ ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”. 

I invited him today's party. 

๋‚˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—. 

๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 

whom์„ ์จ์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”?!!

 

whom์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 

him์€ ๋น ์ด๋น ์ด~~ ์‚ญ์ œ!

 

 

 

I have a friend whom I invited today's party

a friend๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. 

 

whom ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณด๋ฉด him์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์ฃ ?

whom์ด him์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”. 

 

 

๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ + ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ + ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€. 

 

๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 

๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ!! 

์ด๊ฑฐ ์˜์™ธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š” .

 

 

 

๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋„ ๋. ์ฐธ ์‰ฝ์ฃ ?

 

 

 

๐Ÿ‘‰์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ  whose (์ƒ๋žต๋ถˆ๊ฐ€)

 

my, your, his, her, its, our, their์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง. 

์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๋™๋ฌผ ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์ด ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ!!

 

์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋’ค์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ผญ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.

 

I have my. 

ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ง์ด ์•ˆ ๋˜์ฃ ?

ํ•ญ์ƒ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ!!

 

 

I have a cat.

๋‚œ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด.

Its fur is so soft. 

๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ„ธ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ. 

 

I have a cat whose fur is so soft. 

๋‚œ ํ„ธ์ด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์–ด.

 

 

I have beautiful shoes.

Its color is vivid red.

 

I have beautiful shoes whoes color is vivd red. 

๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ด ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ธ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ตฌ๋‘(๊ตฌ๋‘ ํ•œ ์Œ)๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด. 

 

 

 

์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋!

 

์ฐธ~ ์‰ฝ์ฃ ?!!

๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”~!!!!